Nursing and Patient

Nursing is a profession in which professionalism and high moral character go hand in hand. Nurses have access to very important information and care for patients during critical times in their lives. Because of the nature of work that a nurse does, they must always maintain professionalism to ensure that their patients have the upmost trust in them. A. Functional Differences In order to become a registered nurse, one must pass nursing school and then go on to pass a test given by their state regulatory agency, such as the board of nursing (BON). The state board of nursing has many different duties.One of the many duties of a BON is to grant and renew nursing licenses. The BON can also take disciplinary review of nurses. It will review a complaint against a nurse’s actions and then decide whether they should suspend, restrict or revoke a nurse’s license (Cherry & Jacob, 2011, p. 78). A professional nursing organization (PNO), like the emergency nurse association (ENA), i s a private organization to which a nurse is a member. A private nurse’s organization may lobby legislature for the interest of the association’s members and to better the nursing profession as whole.A PNO may also hold seminars to further educate the members and to keep their practices the most up to date. For example, the ENA usually holds a yearly seminar where many topics are covered throughout the week in regards to emergency nursing. Overall a PNO provides a united front for specific areas of nursing or for nursing as a whole. A PNO represents the members and a regulatory agency, such as the BON, represents the people for who the nurses will be taking care of. B. Nursing Code Examples The nursing code of ethics plays a huge role in the way nurses care for patients.Nurses should always treat patients with the respect they deserve. For most people, being in the hospital is a very stressful and foreign event. It can lead to the patient not always being their normal, happy self. Even when the patient was upset and not exactly in the best mood, I would respect the patient and do whatever I could to ensure that I have helped the patient. I have found that if you give a patient the respect they deserve, that no matter what, they always tend to be thankful and appreciative for your help. Being respectful facilitates a trustingrelationship between nurse and patient. Another part of the nursing code of ethics that I apply to my nursing practice is to always advocate for the patient. For example, there are times when doctors will put in orders that I may question or not completely understand. Instead of just doing what the doctor orders in those circumstances, I question the doctor and make them explain the order so I understand it. If I do not agree with the order, I would tell the doctor and work it out with them. The needs and safety of patients should always be the number one priority. C.Professional Traits Working with an interdisciplinary team a llows everyone to bring their own traits and beliefs to help ensure the best care for the patient. I would bring many great traits to an interdisciplinary team. The first would be the acceptance of accountability and responsibility. When working with an interdisciplinary team, I would always accept responsibility for the patient and would hold myself accountable for the care that the patient receives. I may be following the orders of another member of the team, but in the end, it is me that is responsible for my own actions.That is a very important concept to remember when working as part of a team. I would also ensure the patients privacy is always respected. When working with a group, there is always an increased risk of the patient’s privacy being violated. I would do everything in my power to ensure that the patient’s privacy is always respected. I would ensure only essential team members have access to the patient’s information and would make sure the envir onment is conducive to protecting privacy. I would also respect the patient’s right to self-determination.While working with an interdisciplinary team, it can be easy for some members of the team to forget that the patient is ultimately the one in control. My job is to always encourage the patient to do what they feel is best for themselves and to respect their wishes. A person may decide that they do not want a particular treatment that is part of the plan and it is my job to protect their right to say no to that treatment. I would also work on advancing my nursing profession through knowledge development, dissemination, and application to practice.Nursing is a profession that is always changed and evolving. New research for things like better standards of care and new procedures are always coming out. As part of a team, I should always be the most up to date on my education. Being informed and continuing my education allows me to be a better team member and it also allows t he patient to have the best care. D. Nursing Theories Nursing theories have a definite impact on the day-to-day practices of nurses. Dorothea Orem’s theory of self-care deficit model is something that all nurses do without even realizing it.In Dorothea Orem’s model, she states that when a patient renders an insult, there is a self-care deficit, which makes nursing interventions necessary (Cherry & Jacob, 2011, p. 98). When a patient comes into the ER with a newly diagnosed illness, they are often unsure of what to do, or how to proceed from there. Without even thinking about doing it, nurses automatically help patients overcome these new obstacles in life. For example, a patient that has had a recent hip replacement must learn how to care for their new hip.A nurse caring for this patient will help that patient understand their new limited mobility and how to return to their pre hospital lifestyle the best they can. Another great example of this model is a diabetic pati ent. In order to live a normal life with diabetes, a patient must be instructed how to take their diabetic medication, what kind of diet to eat, and the signs and symptoms of high or low blood sugar. Without the nurse’s help and specific interventions for the patient, the patient may not be able to return to their normal level of functioning.A nurses goal for a patient is to always return them to their previous level of functioning and if that isn’t able to happen, to get them to their optimum level of self-functioning (Cherry & Jacob, 2011, p. 98). Nursing interventions and helping patients recover from illness is what nursing is all about. Orem’s nursing theory model is the model that many nurses strive to achieve during their nursing careers. E. Historical Figure The nursing profession as we know it today would not be here if not for the actions and contributions of Florence Nightingale.Florence Nightingale established infection control and a way of maintaini ng patients records (Cherry & Jacob, 2011, p. 10). By far the most important aspect of nursing that Florence Nightingale contributed to is infection control. Infection control was unheard of before Florence Nightingale. Her help during the Crimean War helped establish aseptic techniques for nursing and stressed the importance of infection control in helping patients to heal, instead of dying from their illnesses. Even today infection control is a corner stone of nursing practices.The first thing nurses learn in nursing school is proper hand washing techniques and how to avoid spreading germs to patients. Florence Nightingale’s contributions to the nursing made nursing the profession it is today. F. Scenario Patient advocacy is one of the most important jobs a nurse is entrusted to do. A perfect example of being a patient advocate happened to me when I was helping a patient protect his autonomy. I was caring for an elderly gentleman who had terminal cancer and came into the ER short of breath.The patient was really working to breath and the doctors and family wanted to intubate the patient to help him. The patient was alert and orientated and kept stating that he did not want to be intubated or to have any resuscitation efforts. I respected the patient’s wishes and informed the doctor that we would not be intubating this patient due to his wishes. The doctor was reluctant but finally agreed and together we explained this to the family. The patient was able to have wishes respected and wasn’t pushed into something he wanted.Beneficence is something that is at the heart of nursing. Nurses do this all the time without even giving it a second thought. The first scenario that comes to my mind when I think of beneficence is when I had a child come into the ER with a broken leg. Without even hesitating, I knew the first thing I needed to do for this child was to manage his pain. I went out of my way to find a doctor for a medication order and was immediately on the phone with pharmacy so I would be able to pull the medication out of the omnicell without any lag time.I was able to get his pain managed in about 7 minutes after he was wheeled into my ER room. The family and the patient were very thankful for everything that I did for them. Conclusion Professionalism and nursing are interrelated. Without professionalism, patients wouldn’t be able to respect and trust their nurse, making establishing a relationship impossible. When a nurse and patient are able to establish a relationship based on professionalism and trust, anything is possible when it comes to the care and overall well-being of the patient. Nursing and Patient Nursing is a profession in which professionalism and high moral character go hand in hand. Nurses have access to very important information and care for patients during critical times in their lives. Because of the nature of work that a nurse does, they must always maintain professionalism to ensure that their patients have the upmost trust in them. A. Functional Differences In order to become a registered nurse, one must pass nursing school and then go on to pass a test given by their state regulatory agency, such as the board of nursing (BON). The state board of nursing has many different duties.One of the many duties of a BON is to grant and renew nursing licenses. The BON can also take disciplinary review of nurses. It will review a complaint against a nurse’s actions and then decide whether they should suspend, restrict or revoke a nurse’s license (Cherry & Jacob, 2011, p. 78). A professional nursing organization (PNO), like the emergency nurse association (ENA), i s a private organization to which a nurse is a member. A private nurse’s organization may lobby legislature for the interest of the association’s members and to better the nursing profession as whole.A PNO may also hold seminars to further educate the members and to keep their practices the most up to date. For example, the ENA usually holds a yearly seminar where many topics are covered throughout the week in regards to emergency nursing. Overall a PNO provides a united front for specific areas of nursing or for nursing as a whole. A PNO represents the members and a regulatory agency, such as the BON, represents the people for who the nurses will be taking care of. B. Nursing Code Examples The nursing code of ethics plays a huge role in the way nurses care for patients.Nurses should always treat patients with the respect they deserve. For most people, being in the hospital is a very stressful and foreign event. It can lead to the patient not always being their normal, happy self. Even when the patient was upset and not exactly in the best mood, I would respect the patient and do whatever I could to ensure that I have helped the patient. I have found that if you give a patient the respect they deserve, that no matter what, they always tend to be thankful and appreciative for your help. Being respectful facilitates a trusting  relationship between nurse and patient.Another part of the nursing code of ethics that I apply to my nursing practice is to always advocate for the patient. For example, there are times when doctors will put in orders that I may question or not completely understand. Instead of just doing what the doctor orders in those circumstances, I question the doctor and make them explain the order so I understand it. If I do not agree with the order, I would tell the doctor and work it out with them. The needs and safety of patients should always be the number one priority. C.Professional Traits Working with an interdisciplinary tea m allows everyone to bring their own traits and beliefs to help ensure the best care for the patient. I would bring many great traits to an interdisciplinary team. The first would be the acceptance of accountability and responsibility. When working with an interdisciplinary team, I would always accept responsibility for the patient and would hold myself accountable for the care that the patient receives. I may be following the orders of another member of the team, but in the end, it is me that is responsible for my own actions.That is a very important concept to remember when working as part of a team. I would also ensure the patients privacy is always respected. When working with a group, there is always an increased risk of the patient’s privacy being violated. I would do everything in my power to ensure that the patient’s privacy is always respected. I would ensure only essential team members have access to the patient’s information and would make sure the en vironment is conducive to protecting privacy. I would also respect the patient’s right to self-determination.While working with an interdisciplinary team, it can be easy for some members of the team to forget that the patient is ultimately the one in control. My job is to always encourage the patient to do what they feel is best for themselves and to respect their wishes. A person may decide that they do not want a particular treatment that is part of the plan and it is my job to protect their right to say no to that treatment. I would also work on advancing my nursing profession through knowledge development, dissemination, and application to practice.Nursing is a profession that is always changed and evolving. New research for things like better standards of care and new procedures are always coming out. As part of a team, I should always be the most up to date on my education. Being informed and continuing my education allows me to be a better team member and it also allow s the patient to have the best care. D. Nursing Theories Nursing theories have a definite impact on the day-to-day practices of nurses. Dorothea Orem’s theory of self-care deficit model is something that all nurses do without even realizing it.In Dorothea Orem’s model, she states that when a patient renders an insult, there is a self-care deficit, which makes nursing interventions necessary (Cherry & Jacob, 2011, p. 98). When a patient comes into the ER with a newly diagnosed illness, they are often unsure of what to do, or how to proceed from there. Without even thinking about doing it, nurses automatically help patients overcome these new obstacles in life. For example, a patient that has had a recent hip replacement must learn how to care for their new hip.A nurse caring for this patient will help that patient understand their new limited mobility and how to return to their pre hospital lifestyle the best they can. Another great example of this model is a diabetic p atient. In order to live a normal life with diabetes, a patient must be instructed how to take their diabetic medication, what kind of diet to eat, and the signs and symptoms of high or low blood sugar. Without the nurse’s help and specific interventions for the patient, the patient may not be able to return to their normal level of functioning.A nurses goal for a patient is to always return them to their previous level of functioning and if that isn’t able to happen, to get them to their optimum level of self-functioning (Cherry & Jacob, 2011, p. 98). Nursing interventions and helping patients recover from illness is what nursing is all about. Orem’s nursing theory model is the model that many nurses strive to achieve during their nursing careers. E. Historical Figure The nursing profession as we know it today would not be here if not for the actions and contributions of Florence Nightingale.Florence Nightingale established infection control and a way of mainta ining patients records (Cherry & Jacob, 2011, p. 10). By far the most important aspect of nursing that Florence Nightingale contributed to is infection control. Infection control was unheard of before Florence Nightingale. Her help during the Crimean War helped establish aseptic techniques for nursing and stressed the importance of infection control in helping patients to heal, instead of dying from their illnesses. Even today infection control is a corner stone of nursing practices.The first thing nurses learn in nursing school is proper hand washing techniques and how to avoid spreading germs to patients. Florence Nightingale’s contributions to the nursing made nursing the profession it is today. F. Scenario Patient advocacy is one of the most important jobs a nurse is entrusted to do. A perfect example of being a patient advocate happened to me when I was helping a patient protect his autonomy. I was caring for an elderly gentleman who had terminal cancer and came into the ER short of breath.The patient was really working to breath and the doctors and family wanted to intubate the patient to help him. The patient was alert and orientated and kept stating that he did not want to be intubated or to have any resuscitation efforts. I respected the patient’s wishes and informed the doctor that we would not be intubating this patient due to his wishes. The doctor was reluctant but finally agreed and together we explained this to the family. The patient was able to have wishes respected and wasn’t pushed into something he wanted.Beneficence is something that is at the heart of nursing. Nurses do this all the time without even giving it a second thought. The first scenario that comes to my mind when I think of beneficence is when I had a child come into the ER with a broken leg. Without even hesitating, I knew the first thing I needed to do for this child was to manage his pain. I went out of my way to find a doctor for a medication order and w as immediately on the phone with pharmacy so I would be able to pull the medication out of the omnicell without any lag time.I was able to get his pain managed in about 7 minutes after he was wheeled into my ER room. The family and the patient were very thankful for everything that I did for them. Conclusion Professionalism and nursing are interrelated. Without professionalism, patients wouldn’t be able to respect and trust their nurse, making establishing a relationship impossible. When a nurse and patient are able to establish a relationship based on professionalism and trust, anything is possible when it comes to the care and overall well-being of the patient.

Balanced Scorecards at BIOCO Essay

An Analysis of, â€Å"Case Study 7-2: Balanced Scorecards at BIOCO† BIOCO has realized from its use of balanced scorecards that the company has been able to open communication channels, where common goals are established throughout the whole company. Employees are able to view the company’s value drivers, such as financial performance. The Chief Intelligence Officer (CIO) believed that that balanced scorecards helped employees to not only look at their own departments operations, but the overall operations within the company. The Vice President believed that the scorecards helped all employees understand the overall goals of the company within their own departments. Balanced scorecards also helped the IT department interpret the other business areas within the company. The scorecards helped create an internal perspective that outlined the goals and the measures of the company. Balanced Scorecards allowed every employee at BIOCO to know what the company was excelling at, and where the company demanded resources be integrated in order to excel. The BIOCO way was effective in aiding the IT department to coordinate its goals with that of the company, because every employee through balanced scorecards were able to see the operations and key driver goals of the IT department. Employees could see whether the IT projects were effective and on track. Also, the IT department could see the operations and goals of other business areas within the company. If IT was working on a project to implement information systems (IS) in a certain business area/department, they could review the balanced scorecards to see the kind of goals and operations utilized within that department. IT can then align the IS with the business strategy of a certain department by viewing these scorecards. The BIOCO approach could be successfully integrated into large organizations, and considered a useful communication tool. This tool would be utilized by management to integrate the business strategy with the organizational structure. Creating goals based on customer perspective, internal business perspective, innovating and learning perspective, and financial perspective would be the first step (Pearlson & Saunders, 2013). The next step will include making adjustments to gauge  performance goals accurately. For example, a large firm may gauge how customers perspective by monitoring their reputation within the market, or they will review the impact of projects on its’ users (Pearlson & Saunders, 2013). After a large organization finds a way to measure goals, they will have to create a corporate strategy map. The map will have balanced scorecards that descend throughout the whole company. The map will have to include company, division, region, district, store, and department balanced scorecards. The only way the BIONCO approach will be useful with a new CEO is if that CEO does not see any change needed within the organization or very little change is needed. If changes should occur goal perspectives will have to be adjusted, and how they are measured will have to be adjusted as well. In order to implement new values, they must change the whole BIONCO way approach to mirror those values. If the values differ immensely from the past CEO, a new approach may be needed all together. The new CEO may want to change the whole business strategy all together to emphasize the IS system. In this case the new CEO may utilize an IT dashboard instead. The BIONCO way will have to be altered to some length in order to be successful, because the CEO will most likely want to change some perspectives of the business. References Pearlson, Keri and Saunders, Carol. Managing & Using Information Systems. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 2013. Print.

Family Pride

February 5, 2013 Subject: Family Pride I know that everyone has some form of pride. Whether it is national, personal, cultural, or family pride, we all show it and have different reasons that we do. Some people have pride for their country, or their culture. I have pride for my family. My family is so great! I love them so much. I want to talk to you about some of the things that make me proud to be a part of my family. First, most of my family are Jehovah’s Witnesses. Second, my family comes from different cultures, so there’s always some good food to be ate. And last, my family listens to all kinds of music.I hope you enjoy learning about what makes me proud of my family. So the first thing I want to talk about is my religion. I am one of the more than 7 million Jehovah’s Witnesses. Part of that number is my family. But, there are two people I really want to talk about when it comes to this. My sisters Theresa and Crystal. I admire them so much. They were bapti zed as one of Jehovah’s Witnesses when they were 17. Ever since then they have served Jehovah whole-heartedly. Theresa has five children 8 and under. I have always loved how she protects me and lets me figure things out for myself.Crystal has two children 4 and 2. We fight sometimes, but I know that she always has my back. They always try their hardest to make meetings and to teach their kids about Jehovah. Even though they have both been through extremely difficult circumstances, they just keep going. For instance, Crystal has had to switch to another congregation. Now, that may not seem like it’s too hard. But it’s a Spanish speaking meeting. Her husband is from the Dominican Republic. She’s learning a new language and keeping her integrity to Jehovah. I admire her so much for that.And then, Theresa, has had numerous surgeries, while taking care of her â€Å"6† kids (her husband Scott is a kid at heart). No, actually he helps a lot. He loves her so much and helps whenever he can. Yet, they both still keep their heads up and serve Jehovah. I love them all so much and would probably go insane without them. Next, because I come from many cultures, we are always making food. A lot of its southern. For instance, my dad makes the best country fried steak ever. You know, let’s just talk about him for a moment. My mom cooked for most of their marriage.But, unfortunately my mom has been overcome with sickness, so my dad has started cooking. My dad makes some really good southern comfort food. He makes insanely good mac & cheese. But, he has started to pass his recipes on to me. For instance, he used to make fried chicken. But, once I figured out how to do it, I became the â€Å"soul† fryer of chicken in my house. My dad has become such a wonderful cook over the last few years, and he’s teaching me as he goes. Besides, my mom taught him everything he knows. Well, almost everything, some he learned from the Food N etwork. Ha-ha. My family loves to cook.And that I am proud of. Lastly, we listen to all kinds of music. For instance, my grandma loved to sing. And she used to have me sing for her all the time before she passed. I think about her all the time. She inspired me to keep singing. And my mom has done the same thing by always encouraging me. We love music, whether country or pop. We listen to music all the time. I really don’t know what I would do if I didn’t have music. It keeps me sane. You may have noticed that a lot of music today can be about drugs, sex, or murder. I am proud of my family for steering clear of that.Some of my favorite music includes Justin Bieber, Taylor Swift, Carrie Underwood, Josh Turner, and One Direction. I love my family’s music choices. And because of that I am proud to be in my family. So as you can see, I just ooze with family pride. My religion plays a big part in that. We always have something on the dinner table. And we listen to all kind of music. I love my family. Even though, we fight and argue at the end of the day, we are a family. Hope you enjoyed learning why I am proud of my family. What makes you proud to be a part of your family?

Describe an epidemic disease and how it may change the preparation of Essay

Describe an epidemic disease and how it may change the preparation of the bodies for funeral services - Essay Example In 1990 once again a similar type of virus was spotted among monkeys in Reston, Virginia which were imported from the Philippines. The strain was named Ebola Reston (EBO Reston). The epidemic continued to emerge in the region in different countries such as in Zaire in 1995 and 2003, Gabon in 1994, 1995 and 1996 and Uganda in the year 2000. In 1994 a subtype of Ebola virus was spotted in the Ivory Coast and was identified as Ebola-CI. So far there have been 1500 identified cases of Ebola virus in the world out of which two third have died. King (2003) further states that the virus is one of the 18 least known viruses that have the capability of causing viral hemorrhage fever syndrome. The virus belongs to the family of flaviviridae. There are four subtypes of Ebola Virus. They are Ebola Zaire, Ebola Sudan, Ebola Ivory Coast and Ebola Reston. Its outbreak is in the form of an epidemic that is capable of causing 88% deaths in the patients suffering from it. Ebola Zaire is considered to be the deadliest one with greatest number of deaths attributed to it. However no deaths were reported from the four cases of Ebola Reston. The virus is quickly replicated in human and non human tissues spreading the infection rapidly. The replication is followed by severe focal necrosis. The severest form of necrosis occurs in the liver where councilman like bodies are formed like the ones formed in the yellow fever. The tissues and blood of the near death patients suffering from Ebola virus are highly infectious. King (2003) states that in 1996 members of the National Institute of Virology of South Africa carried out a research in Zaire to find out the infectivity of the virus in different species of plants, vertebrates and invertebrates. It was observed that the serum and feces of the insectivorous bats (Tadarida pumila) and fruit bats (Epomophorus wahlbergi) were found to help the virus multiply rapidly without dying. No definite source has been identified

Leadership Course Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership Course - Assignment Example It should be noted that all these posts are about leadership. Patti Besuner notes that the leadership course reinforced ethical responsibilities especially in line with moral leadership (Cameron, 2012). It is a fact that leaders should be morally upright and responsible since they usually tend to be role models to numerous personalities in the society. Therefore, according to Besuner, â€Å"A leader must care about and demonstrate concern for employees if optimal organizational productivity is to be achieved†. It is worth noting that Besuner leadership knowledge was geared to reflect how an organization, employees, society, and a nation should relate (Brammer, Jackson, & Mattens, 2012). Notably, this concern is vital since each of these groups must be answerable to another for effective, efficient, and smooth coexistence. From this post, it is apparent the leader acknowledged the roles of effective leadership as being effective for the coexistence of human being within a socie tal setup. Jones’ first post concentrated on the understanding of different aspects of leadership. He notes that leadership has ever been described in different concepts that lead to different types of leadership. For instance, Susan D. DeVore’s to leadership skills in the healthcare industry and to the same effect she is the current premier healthcare alliance CEO and president. Jones noted that DeVore has effective leadership skills that include transformation, system thinking, and collaborative techniques.

Deadly Force - Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Deadly Force - - Research Paper Example The articles are being compared and contrasted so that a positive outcome could be drawn as a result of the study. Overview of the Articles In his article â€Å"Emergency Vehicle Safety† published in February 2012, Thomas J. Connelly advocates the importance of the emergency vehicles safety for the police officers and the general public when they are performing various functions, such as chasing traffic violators, in metropolitan cities or patrolling in their assigned areas. The importance of vehicles or cars for a police officer is apparent. He further stated that during his years in law enforcement, 20-30% of police officers died as a result of motor vehicle collisions and many of the officers sustained intense injuries due to the motor vehicle collisions. Eventually, he postulated that when an officer drives his/her car at high speed, the risk of collision increases, and this threatens not only his/her life but also the lives of innocent pedestrians. Considering the fact, t he author of the article stated that many types of equipment installed in the officer’s car often distract the driver in one or the other way, and this ultimately leads to fatal collisions. Concurrently, he advocated that police officers should be provided with necessary training at regular intervals. He put stress on reviewing current policies and procedures as an integral part of the training and emphasized the integration of innovative technologies required to halt the prevailing trend (Connelly, 2012). McDermott and Hulse in their article â€Å"Focus on Training† published in June 2012 in FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin stress on improving the performance of the police personnel through positive feedback techniques. They outlined the importance of supervisors in providing necessary and corrective feedback to the police personnel so that these personnel, after receiving feedback, can initiate the process of bringing in requisite changes in their performances. They repo rted that police personnel are recruited and trained, and further their performances are supervised in terms of tactical skills, human interactions and communication skills. Accordingly, the role of supervisors and their skills became vital for providing corrective feedback to the concerned personnel so that the personnel can identify their weaknesses and work on improving their performances. The authors advocated that a Field Training Officer (FTO) is responsible for providing corrective feedback to the respective recruits; they also argued that the response from the various recruits may not be same, and in such circumstances the role of FTO becomes even more crucial (McDermott & Hulse, 2012). In his article â€Å"Crowd Management† published in August 2012 in FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, the author Mike Masterson focuses on effective crowd management task of the police officers. He stated that crowd management is one of the most important tasks performed by the police perso nnel and further stressed the factor that every police personnel must know their roles while managing the crowd effectively. Concurrently, he added that every police officer dealing with the crowd should display respect and courtesy towards the public irrespective of their race, religion and gender. Eventually, the police personnel should promote peace in a congregation of the people, and in order to accomplish such goals, they must rely on soft approach and should engage in effective dialogue with the organizers of an event owing to which the

Social Networking Practices and Interactions Essay

Social Networking Practices and Interactions - Essay Example The paper tells that social sites to have a contrast with the real lives that people lead. The likes and interests often posted on social sites are only meant to give people social status but are different from the reality; thus firms will be targeting virtual people who will eventually not consume the products. People fall into various social classes, and the way in which one person lives is not the manner in which the next person will live. But in social media due to the imminent influence, people always strive to fit in certain social classes just to stay in touch with the current trends in the world. For instance, if a new fashion line of designer clothes is released and someone posts a photo wearing that clothes his/her followers will always be influenced by purchasing the same cloth to be at a bar with the current trend. Social media is emerging to be essential in business as it is perceived to be the marketing platform that takes heed of the needs of consumers. The 21st centur y is characterized by massive technological advancements that have led to the emergence of new methods in which people interact. Previously people were limited to telephone calls or at least sending emails and thus was a preserve of a few individuals with the internet connection. Today, virtually every locality inhabited by people has internet signal and thus people are accessing the World Wide Web from anywhere. With a technological improvement in mobile gadgets such as smartphones, tablets, iPads and even microcomputers, many people have gained access to the internet connection. This has revolutionized the modern era of information processing, and dissemination has become almost instant. Online presence in social sites like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, WhatsApp has been soaring by each day now running into hundreds of million subscribers, thus creating a new niche of consumers for businesses with an online presence.

The United States Patriot Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The United States Patriot Act - Essay Example The PATRIOT Act was enacted to protect US citizens by augmenting the tools by which law enforcement agencies fight crime and improves communication capabilities between these government agencies. In spite of the prevailing majority opinion, the PATRIOT Act protects, rather than degrades, civil liberties. The name of the act, the USA PATRIOT Act, is a shortened acronym for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism. According to the Justice Department, the PATRIOT Act gives support to and encourages enhanced sharing of information among various law enforcement agencies at the local, state and federal levels. In addition, this law assists law enforcement in their efforts to â€Å"connect the dots† from a wider scope of agencies when assembling evidence so as to â€Å"develop a complete picture† regarding possible threats from terrorists. By enabling more fluid communications between the various agencies, information regarding a particular suspect can be matched up faster, often automatically by computer database, and more accurately identified. This assists in increasing the safety of citizens both by removing dangerous suspects from the general population before they are able to cause serious trouble and by ensuring innocent citizens are cleared and released in a timely and efficient manner if or when mistakes are made. Communications is the focus of the other major element of the act as well. The Act allows law enforcement officials more latitude when attempting to intercept transmissions of suspected terrorist’s discussions via electronic surveillance (Ward, 2002). This is not a blanket license for law enforcement to listen to anyone’s line based upon a simple whim or roll of the dice, but is instead intended to help investigators trace suspicious person’s through their more intimate and therefore

SADDAM HUSEIN Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

SADDAM HUSEIN - Research Paper Example There is a brief mention of his ruling style in Iraq. Then a brief outline of Iran-Iraq war is given. His invasion of Kuwait and the gulf war is discussed next. The American attack on Iraq in 2003 is discussed in the end. The fall of his government, capture of Bagdad and his hiding is given in this part. This work ends with mentions of events like capture of Saddam Hussein, his trial in Iraqi special court and is execution by Hanging. Introduction: Saddam Hussein was one of the most remarkable figures in the history of the world. He was one of those men in the world who have changed the course of history. His rise and fall is linked with many important events in the history. His rise to power was an important event in the Middle East. Then there was Iran-Iraq War in which Iraq, under the leadership of Saddam, fought a prolonged war against its neighbour Iran. There was Gulf War; which was the direct consequence of his invasion in Kuwait. President George Bush Sr. Sent troops to free Kuwait from the clutches of Saddam. Then in 2003 a coalition force of mainly US force and some British force invaded Iraq and marked the end of Saddam Hussein. Birth and Early Years: Saddam Hussein was born on April 28 in the year 1937 in a poor Iraqi family. His birth place was a village near the Iraqi town, Tikrit. Few years after his birth, his father died. His mother married again. Saddam had an uncle, his mother’s brother, named Khairallah Talfah. Khairallah was a leader of an anti-king group. Some people in Iraq were not happy with the Iraqi king. They thought he was too close to Britain and was controlled by Britain. Khairallah was imprisoned for his anti government activities. Later he was released and took a job as a teacher. In 1947 at the age of 10 Saddam came to stay with his uncle. He was admitted to school. In 1955 Khairallah moved to Bagdad, and Saddam came along with him. His uncle was still anti-government and had interests in anti-government movements. They had the same allegation against the king: that he was under the power of Great Britain. Staying in Bagdad with his uncle Saddam too became interested in politics. He was influenced by his uncle and became an anti-king too. He even took part in 1952 riot in Bagdad. This was the beginning of his political career. Around this time his uncle introduced him with Ahmed Hassan-al-Bakr, an army general and his relative. Khairallah wanted him to take Saddam as his protege (Anderson, 2004, pp.10-16). Beginning of Political Career: Around 1956-57 Saddam started attending Ba’ath Party meetings. The party’s ambitious aim was to form a pan-Islamic union with all the Arabian nations. Saddam was inspired by the party’s ideology and became a supporter. He joined the party in a minor post but he was popular among his comrades. The popularity of Ba’ath Party grew in Iraq and other Arab nations. At the same time, anger against the Great Britain’s favourite the Iraqi k ing grew. There was a state of unrest and people were on the streets. In 1958 general Abdel Karim Kassem marched into Bagdad. He killed the king and the Prime Minister along with other important government officers and took the power. Ba’ath supported Kassem at the beginning. But the party had differences with him. Kassem did not like them either. Gradually the distance between Kassem and Ba’ath increased. They became enemy of Kassem. Ba’ath party leaders made a plot to kill Kassem. Saddam and six other party youths were selected to carry out the

Supplemental Materials Essay Example for Free

Supplemental Materials Essay Additional Readings: Four Pillars Read â€Å"Four Pillars† on the GCU website. Link: http://www.gcu.edu/About-Us/Four-Pillars.php Student Preparation for Distance Education Read Student Preparation for Distance Education, by Taormino, from Distance Learning (2010). (7pgs.) Link: http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=ofsAN=55725308site=eds-livescope=site New Skills for a New Work Reality Read New Skills for a New Work Reality, by Galagan, from T + D (2011). (4pgs.) Link: http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=ofsAN=525614319site=eds-livescope=site The Cornell Method Read The Cornell Method portion of the Note Taking Systems page of the California Polytechnic State University website. (6pgs.) Link: http://www.sas.calpoly.edu/asc/ssl/notetakingsystems.html#cornell Parallel Note-Taking: A Strategy for Effective Use of Webnotes Read Parallel Note-Taking: A Strategy for Effective Use of Webnotes, by Pardini et al., from Journal of College Reading and Learning (2005). (18pgs.) Link: http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=ericAN=EJ689655site=ehost-livescope=site The Digital Dog Ate My Notes Read, The Digital Dog Ate My Notes: Tools and Strategies for 21st Century Research Projects, by Lamb Johnson, from Teacher Librarian (2009). Link: http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=a9hAN=47500220site=ehost-livescope=site TEDTalks Resources: Utilize the following resources to assist you in responding to the Journals and Discussion Questions throughout this course. Topic 3: Drew Dudley: Everyday Leadership (6min) http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://digital.films.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/PortalPlaylists.aspx?aid=12129xtid=52942 Stanley McChrystal: Listen, Learn†¦Then Lead (16min) http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://digital.films.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/PortalPlaylists.aspx?aid=12129xtid=48626 John Wooden: Coaching for People, Not Points (18min) http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://digital.films.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/PortalPlaylists.aspx?aid=12129xtid=48140 Support Materials: An In-Depth List of Online Study Help Resources Review An In-Depth List of Online Study Help Resources, located on the Wayback Machine website. (5 pgs. of tips with each a separate resource to other tips) Link: http://web.archive.org/web/20110704183249/http://www.guidetoonlineschools.com/tips-and-tools/study-help Note Taking; the Cornell Method http://www.nrcs.k12.oh.us/Downloads/Cornell-Note.pdf Cornell Method: Notes Generator This is a generator to for creating your own Cornell Notes http://www.cornell-notes.com/index.php

Evaluation of Suicide Research in the Elderly

Evaluation of Suicide Research in the Elderly A CRITICAL COMPARISON OF TWO RESEARCH APPROACHES TO SUICIDALITY IN THE ELDERLY: the qualitative and quantitative paradigms Introduction: Suicide may be considered a common and devastating emergency in the general practice of mental health. It is a phenomenon that is generally complex and inherently difficult to predict. Suicidality, which is the spectrum of psychological activities that culminates in the eventual death of the individual, may be especially complicated in the elderly. This is because people of that age group are known to traverse the continuum of suicidal behaviour with extraordinary secrecy, determination and lethality. Thus, there may be up to three new cases of elderly suicide for every one below the age of 25 years in many countries (Diego et al., 2004, Mello-Santos et al., 2005). Giving the intricate nature of the phenomenon in the elderly, understanding the immediate and remote factors that may be suggestive of imminent death by suicide may be an important step to setting up targeted interventions before it is too late. In the context of suicide research, immediate pointers to an impending suicide may, on the one hand, include a subjective ‘experience’ with suicidal ideas or the wish to die. This very personal experience may sometimes be expressed in signs and symptoms such as talking or writing about the end. A phenomenon sometimes referred to as suicidal warnings (Rudd et al., 2006). In this regards, immediate factors for imminent suicide may also extend to the ‘meanings’ attached to such notices by their recipients. The understanding of peoples experiences and meanings is strengthen by the qualitative research paradigm (Fossey et al., 2002). The more remote pointers to an imminent suicide may include correlates of suicidality within the larger population, as against the individual. The investigation of such independent risk factors within the population, or a systematically generated sample from it, is underpinned by the quantitative research model (Godwin et al., 2003). To provide a clear understanding of the qualitative and quantitative frameworks, this discourse aims to critically compare two studies using contrasting approaches in elucidating the factors related to suicide in the elderly. The context and comparison This first study, hereafter referred to as Kjiolseth and Ekeberg (Kjolseth and Ekeberg, 2012), was an investigation of the experiences and reactions of people to warnings they have received about the suicidal intention of their elderly wards. The authors relied on the technique of psychological autopsy (Beskow et al., 1990). Wherein, they re-created the circumstances of the suicide through interviews of 63 formal and informal carers of 23 individuals who had died in that manner aged 65 years or over. The second study, hereafter referred to as Ojagbemi et al (Ojagbemi et al., 2013), examined the predictive relationship between several health related variables and three behaviours occurring on a continuum leading to eventual death by suicide. The authors relied on a multi-stage probability sample of 2149 participants aged 65 years or over, and spread across a geographical area equivalent to a quarter of the national population. The main research question explored by Kjiolseth and Ekeberg was; how did people perceive and react to suicidal warnings communicated to them by the elderly around them? Perception in this context may be broadly understood as the individual’s cognizance of the events external to them. Such perception may also feedback on how the individual will react. In the view of empiricists such as Locke (Baird et al., 2008) the awareness of externally occurring events may only be possible if they are mentally represented. In this regards, the reality is created in the mind of the recipient. Further, Bekerley (Atherton, 1987) contends that this reality is inherently modifiable according to previous experience. Therefore, since the previous experiences of different individuals may be inherently different, and dynamic, the proposition of a single or unitary reality may be less likely. In other words, the research question of Kjiolseth and Ekerberg may be best answered if the perception and r eaction of a variety of carefully selected individuals who may have received the suicidal warnings are considered. Qualitative interviews may afford the opportunity for the researchers in this instance to generate more nuanced accounts from a wide selection of individuals who may be knowledgeable about the phenomenon of interest. In contrast to Kjiolseth and Ekerberg, Ojagbemi et al wanted to find out if there are indices of health and wellbeing in the general population that may demonstrate predictive associations with suicidality among the elderly living in sub-Saharan African communities. This research question may suggest as follows; firstly, by indices, the authors appear interested in numerical or value indicators of health and wellbeing. Secondly, by predictive associations, they may also be interested in relationships. Thirdly, Ojagbemi et al appear interested in the general population, rather than individuals. The interest of the authors in the examination of predicted relationships between numerical and/ or non-numerical (i.e, categorical) indicators, with a focus on the general population may support a non-experimental quantitative approach (Martens, 1998). In line with the quantitative framework, Ojagbemi et al specifically investigated the predictive relationship between a wide range of demographic and health related variables and three categories of behaviour occurring on a continuum leading to eventual suicide in people who have attained the age of 65 years or over at the start of the study. They additionally sort to investigate the transition between one behaviour and another. These categories of behaviour were namely; suicidal ideation, suicidal plans, and suicidal attempts. They hypothesized that several of the health and wellbeing indicators will predict the presence of these suicidal behaviours. The study was a community based cross-sectional survey of the elderly living in a geographical area equivalent to a quarter of the national population. Giving the research question of Ojagbemi et al about predictive associations, the exploration of several demographic and health related variables should allow the investigators to examin e the independent effect of individual variables on the suicidal behaviours while holding the others constant. Furthermore, giving the interest of the authors on sub-Saharan African communities, the focus on communities spread over a wide geographical area, should allow for a wider generalisation of the findings to several sub-Saharan African communities. Conversely, the community based design may inherently exclude the elderly in care and nursing homes, as well as hospitals. Therefore, the findings may not be generalizable, after all, to the entire sub-Saharan African elderly population. Also, the cross-sectional design makes the picture of whether the elderly have had these behaviours long before they attained the age of 65 years unclear. As such it may be doubtful if the result represents the true depiction of affairs in the elderly population. On the other hand, the study by Kjiolseth and Ekerberg studied people’s experiences and reactions to the ‘warnings’ they have received about the suicidal intentions or plans of the elderly around them. They have relied on psychological autopsy, based on several interviews with people the authors thought should have the knowledge and experience about the phenomenon they planned to investigate. Giving the research questions of the authors about how people perceived notices of suicide communicated to them, a re-enactment of the situation surrounding the eventual suicidal act, through information from key informants, may help shed light on people’s experiences and the processes involved in the reaction of individuals. The individual meaning is also referred to as phenomenology in the context of qualitative research (Thompson et al., 1989). However, with individual meanings it may be difficult to demonstrate ‘probabilistic’ generalisability to the w ider group of formal or informal carers of the elderly who have died by suicide. On the other hand, it might be possible to generalise findings with strong ‘internal validity’ to similar contexts (Pawson and Tilley, 1997 ). Furthermore, They were also interested in the general population of the elderly living a wide geographical area. In this regard, it is the ideal for the authors to access very elderly person living in the location of interest. However, it may be a near impossibility to attempt to interview every elderly person living in an area equivalent to a quarter of the country. As such, the authors resorted to a systematic method of taking a representative sample of the population of the elderly in the location of interest. In this way, they relied on a multi-stage area probability sample of the elderly living in households spread over the study location. They interviewed one elderly person per household, and eventually arrived at a sample size of 2149 participants REFERENCES ATHERTON, M. 1987. Berkeleys Anti-Abstractionism. In: SOSA, E. (ed.) Essays on the Philosophy of George Berkeley. Dordrecht: D. Reidel. BAIRD, E, F., KAUFMANN WALTER 2008. From Plato to Derrida, Upper Saddle River, NJ, Pearson Prentice Hall. BESKOW, J., RUNESON, B. ASGARD, U. 1990. Psychological autopsies: methods and ethics. Suicide Life Threat Behav, 20, 307-23. DIEGO, D. L., SHELLEY, B., M, B. J., KERKHOF, D. J. F. A. BILLE-BRAHEUNNI 2004. Definitions of Suicidal Behaviour. In: LEO, D. D., BILLE-BRAHE, U., KERKHOF, A. J. F. M. SCHMIDTKE, A. (eds.) Suicidal behaviour. Cambridge: Hogrefe Huber. FOSSEY, E., HARVEY, C., MCDERMOTT, F. DAVIDSON, L. 2002. Understanding and evaluating qualitative research. Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 36, 717-32. GODWIN, M., RUHLAND, L., CASSON, I., MACDONALD, S., DELVA, D., BIRTWHISTLE, R., LAM, M. SEGUIN, R. 2003. Pragmatic controlled clinical trials in primary care: the struggle between external and internal validity. BMC Med Res Methodol, 3, 28. KJOLSETH, I. EKEBERG, O. 2012. When elderly people give warning of suicide. Int Psychogeriatr, 24, 1393-401. MARTENS, D. 1998. Research methods in education and psychology : integrating diversity with quantitative qualitative approaches, Thousand Oaks, Sage. MELLO-SANTOS, C., BERTOLOTE, J. M. WANG, Y. P. 2005. Epidemiology of suicide in Brazil (1980-2000): characterization of age and gender rates of suicide. Rev Bras Psiquiatr, 27, 131-4. OJAGBEMI, A., OLADEJI, B., ABIONA, T. GUREJE, O. 2013. Suicidal behaviour in old age results from the Ibadan Study of Ageing. BMC Psychiatry, 13, 80. PAWSON, R. TILLEY, N. 1997 Realistic Evaluation, London, Sage. RUDD, M. D., BERMAN, A. L., JOINER, T. E., JR., NOCK, M. K., SILVERMAN, M. M., MANDRUSIAK, M., VAN ORDEN, K. WITTE, T. 2006. Warning signs for suicide: theory, research, and clinical applications. Suicide Life Threat Behav, 36, 255-62. THOMPSON, C. J., LOCANDER, W. B. POLLIO, H. R. 1989. Putting Consumer Experience Back into Consumer Research: The Philosophy and Method of Existential-Phenomenology. Journal of Consumer Research, 16, 133-146.

How employee motivation and productivity get effected by gender

How employee motivation and productivity get effected by gender My selected thesis topic basically lays emphasis on how employee motivation and productivity get effected by gender discrimination in workplace and how different variables effects under different envirnoment. Now I shall move to explaining the topic in detail. OVERVIEW: My research interest is in this field because I know the gravity of the situation and how important it is for both genders to treat each other equally. As we move towards development an integrated effort is needed and everyone has to do his/her bit. Women need to be looked upon as equals by men from the very start so that they can get good education and pursue good careers in the future. Gender discrimination is a very real and actual problem that is being faced by firms and more importantly women in our society. It is important to note that gender discrimination takes place not only at the workplace but in every walk of life for a common Pakistani woman. When being faced by pressure from all sides, it is very tough for the woman to carry out her day to day activities and work at her full Most of us wake up in the morning, go to college or our respective job and act in ways that are more or less our own. We respond to the atmosphere around and the people in it with little thought as to why what makes us do such things e.g. why we enjoy some activities more than others and why we fine some recreational activities better than others. All these actions are motivated by something. Motivation is defined as the forces either within or external to a person that arouse persistence and want towards completing a given course of action. Employee motivation affects productivity and part of a managers task is to channel motivation towards the accomplishment of organizational goals. Thus, a manager has to study that what motivates his employees and what influences their choice of action furthermore why they persist in that action over time. So the way people are treated deeply affects how they will perform at the workplace. Gender discrimination against someone will obviously affect his/her productivity; this study is intended to prove how deeply the two are connected to each other. Discrimination is treating of employees based on criteria that are not job related, these may include race, color, gender, ethnicity and religion. Organizations these days are moving towards diversity which means women and minorities will play a larger role in the workplace than in the past and it will be more important to keep them working at their optimum level if success is intended in the future. MANGERIAL CONCERNS: When someone in the workplace is judged, appraised, promoted or given a pay based on criteria which are not job related, discrimination occurs. This discrimination leads to the employee being demotivated because he/she knows that no matter what amount of work they put in, they will be reward on the basis of criteria which are not job related. My study is not entirely based on the wage differentials but also deals with motivational effects of discrimination at the workplace on the whole. The main motivating factor for employees has always been pay. There has used a huge gender gap in pay in Pakistan but has now decreased over time but still exists. This gap in motivation is mainly because of differences in characteristics of the jobs carried out, the labor market experience they bring to the job and discriminatory treatment of women by employers or co-workers (which will be my area of study). All these factors interact in many complex and different ways. Thus making it difficult to determine precisely how much of the difference can be attributed to discrimination. Women and men do differ greatly in their preference of jobs and the roles they play in families. Still, the skill set of a woman has now come much closer to a mans. As my thesis shall suggest, there is continuing discrimination against women in the labor market w hich leads to demotivation because there is loss of confidence for the worker. Confidence in self abilities and in the firm one is working for account as a great motivating factor. According to Maslows hierarchy of needs one of the pillars of motivation is to get appreciation for doing a certain task. Many women are raped, sexually harassed and given unfair treatment by the society leading to high rates of female illiteracy and prostitution. In my view, it is very important for the woman to be soundly educated because in our society the responsibility of raising children mainly lies with the mother. When the mother herself is not educated she can not possibly give her child the support and basic fundamental training needed to become a good human being. Moving to gender discrimination in the workplace regarding Pakistan, most of the women are house wives in our country and there are very few double income families. Although the gender gap in the workplace has reduced significantly over the past decade it still remains high with most of the working women mainly pursuing very low paid jobs e.g. teaching, nursing, receptionists and many of them work in houses as maids and helpers etc Term Working Definition Motivation [a] Motivation refers to the forces either within or external to a person that arouses enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action. Discrimination [b] To discriminate socially is to make a distinction between people on the basis of class or category without regard to individual merit. Gender Discrimination at the workplace [c] Promoting/Rejecting or treating one person differently to another based on a criterion which is not job related. In this case mainly gender Workforce Diversity [d] Hiring people with different human qualities who belong to various cultural or sub cultural groups. Glass Ceiling [e] Invisible barriers that separate women and minorities from top management positions. Disparate Treatment Gender Discrimination [f] This is also called direct discrimination. To put it simple, it is treating an employee a different manner because of their gender. Harassment [g] Harassment refers to a wide spectrum of offensive behavior. When the term is used in a legal sense it refers to behaviors that are found threatening or disturbing, and beyond those that are sanctioned by society. Verbal Harassment [h] Verbal harassment refers to persistent and unwanted verbal advances, typically in the workplace, where the consequences of refusing are potentially very disadvantaging to the victim. Also casually known as flirting. Sources: (Daft, Richard, (2000), Management 4th Edition, p. 526) (Stokes, DaShanne. (In Press) Legalized Segregation and the Denial of Religious Freedom) (Daft, Richard, (2000), Management 4th Edition, p. 524) (Daft, Richard, (2000), Management 4th Edition, p. 453) (Daft, Richard, (2000), Management 4th Edition, p. 462) (Taylor, Allison, (2005). Wrongful Termination) (Taylor, Allison, (2005). Wrongful Termination) (Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harassment) Study Objectives To study wage differences between men and women working on equal level in the banking sector. To conduct questionnaire surveys from employees to find out differences in treatment for males and females. Study how difficult it is for a woman to get promoted in a workplace How treatment of supervisors differs from males to females Is the working environment psychologically suitable for a woman to work in on a long-term basis. The ways harassment takes place for a women in her workplace and who is the main harasser LITREATURE REVIEW Gender discrimination and harassment are topic of immense importance as they have been under discussion for over more than a decade, many studies and researches have been conducted to investigate on the different aspects of this topic, to correlate and identify the various variables from within the studies to contribute to the society in a direct or an indirect way. All the studies point out to a healthy working environment for both Men and Women so that they are more motivated producing better results for the companies as a whole. The areas of research on this topic in the past focuses on Law, job satisfaction, employee turnover, organizational costs, social responsibility and corporate culture providing insights into many factors influenced by gender discrimination and harassment. Almost all the studies focuses on problem faced by women from within the organization and social external factors involving discrimination and effecting productivity. Relationship between the variables dr awn in the previous studies shows the direction of the research and how the factors interrelate with each other. Studies show that people have protection against this menace of discrimination and harassment but its effectiveness is always challenged and debated for over some time. Law and justice are always closely looked upon when it comes to harassment at work place. A study Gender-Based Harassment and the Hostile Work Environment (Joshua F. Thrope) tests whether non-sexually motivated gender discrimination is as serious a factor in creating a hostile working environment as sexually motivated gender discrimination. Although Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 applies to all gender-motivated discrimination, in practice many lower federal courts make a distinction between sexually motivated gender discrimination and non-sexually motivated gender discrimination (gender-based harassment) in a work environment. This study illustrates a court case of Dwyer v. Smith in which a police officer alleged that her co-workers and supervisors engaged in a pattern of abusive conduct that created a hostile working environment. (Thorpe). The failure of the plaintiff to allege a case of sexual harassment proved to be fatal to her case. Sexual harassment is only a part of gender discrimination that female employees face in a hostile work employment. Ridicule, rudeness or insults directed at working women may not be sexually motivated but may still create a hostile working environment. The failure of courts to view gender-based harassment claims as actionable has reduced the availability and deterred the effectiveness of Title VII. The study claims that in order to recognise gender-based discrimination as actionable it must be severe or pervasive or it could be misinterpreted. Impacts and consequences have been explored in many previous findings and emphasis have been given on the nature and reason of harassment, but from within harassment sexual harassment is the concept which is quite highlighted factor discussed in findings as in, Recent Thinking about Sexual Harassment: A Review Essay (Elizabeth Anderson) discusses the wrongs of sexual harassment and presents three theories that capture a different aspect of sexual harassment. Dignity theory explains the offensiveness of harassment; autonomy theory deals with the coercive nature of sexual conduct whereas equality theory highlights the group based harms of sexual harassment. This article also gives an example of airlines that expect female flight attendants tolerate customers anger, rudeness or ogling without any objection and hence, make it difficult for them to perform their jobs satisfactorily. The essay also tries to provide remedies and explains that antidiscrimination law has been quite useful in helping people understand their rights and combat sexual harassment in the workplace. Most people perceive harassment and gender discrimination as a mentally or physically induced trauma but very few people measure it on the basis of the high costs involved by this practice of harassment and its deeply routed and ever growing cost is often ignored. One such article: The study Estimating the Organizational Costs of Sexual Harassment: The Case of U.S. Army (Robert H. Faley, Deborah Erdos Knapp, Gary A, Kustis, Cathy L. Z. Dubois) tested the implication of sexual harassment on the organizational costs. The increasing costs of sexual harassment encouraged organizations to give attention to the issue of sexual harassment. These costs initially included litigation and associated settlements. However, with further research it was found that harassment can lead to an overall decrease in employee motivation towards the job resulting in increases in absentees, turnover, and requests for transfers, and use of mental health services, as well as decreases in productivity (Gutek Koss, 1993; Martindale, 1990; U. S. Merit Systems Protection Board, 1981 and 1987). This study states that results indicate that the total annual cost of sexual harassment in the U.S. Army in 1988 was over $250,000,000. This not only brought attention to the organizational costs of s exual harassment and also to the seriousness of the problem as well. However, this study concludes that increase in the proportion of females in the military would increase that part of the total costs of harassment associated with females and as a result the cost of sexual harassment may grow even more. Furthermore it implies that losing a higher rank female in the army due to sexual harassment would cost a staggering amount. Hence sexual harassment continues to be a threat not only to the working individuals but also harms the companies financially. Gender Mainstreaming and Corporate Social Responsibility: Reporting Workplace Issues (Kate Grosser, Jeremy Moon 2005) focuses on the potential of corporate social responsibility (CSR) to gender equality. The paper states that women are provided equal opportunity in the workplace by the combination of legal compliance, business care and social regulation (Dickens 1999) and the theory of CSR combines all these three notions. This study suggests that a reason for slow progress in reporting gender issues is the lack of platform for gender issues to be discusses. The study has highlights the under-representation of womens issues and has stressed on the need of women representation in company practices, as employees, community members, consumers and investors among other things. The impact of sexual harassment in a legal profession on job satisfaction is examined in The Effects of Sexual Harassment on Job Satisfaction, Earnings, and Turnover among Female Lawyers (David N. Laband and Bernard F. Lentz). The results from American Bar Associations National Survey of Career Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction (1990) show that nearly two-thirds of female lawyers in private practice and nearly half of those in corporate or public agency settings reported either experiencing or observing sexual harassment by male superiors, colleagues, or clients during the two years prior to the survey. The study shows that overall job satisfaction is significantly lower among female lawyers who experienced or witnessed sexual harassment by male superiors and colleagues than among those who did not experience or witness such harassment. According to statistics shown in the study, job satisfaction among female employees is affected more than twice as strongly by sexual harassment than by t heir annual income. The study also implies that there is a direct relation between sexual harassment and intention to quit current employment. However, the study was limited by the fact that the survey did not refer to the degree of harassment. Implementation Mechanism (Shamreeza Riaz) discusses the provision of law related to sexual harassment at workplace and the effectiveness of its implementation. This study was conducted in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Interviews were conducted with the work force of organizations, women activists, NGO workers and educational institutions. The writer argues that women participation in the making policies and in decision making can lead to a prosperous nation. However, the true potential of women is hindered due to the difficulties that they face at the work place. The Protection against Harassment of Women at the Workplace Act 2010 provides the definition and kinds of harassment at the workplace. According to the study, in 20-30% sexual harassment cases, women remain silent because of their dignity and self respect. 70% of the women are victims of physical harassment and verbal and other kinds of harassment. The writer lists the causes of harassment as lack of awareness, misuse of authori ty, lack of organizational policy and a male dominant society. The study shows that sexual harassment has very serious consequences resulting in the loss of job, a hostile environment and physical and psychological breakdown while some women are forced to quit their jobs. The International Labour Organization, United Nation on Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women, Beijing program for action Declaration, European Union Legislation and Organization of American State all provide laws aiming to prevent gender discrimination. The study Branded: Corporate Image, Sexual Stereotyping, and the New Face of Capitalism (Dianne Avery, Marion G. Crain) aims to show how the adoption of sophisticated forms of marketing are distinct from the workers physical and mental labour. The study reveals the case of Jespersen v. Harrahs Operating Co. in which the court rejected a female bartenders Title VII challenge to the workplaces policy that women wear makeup, which she found sexually demeaning. Employers sophisticated marketing techniques sometimes create a property like interest and employers take advantage of their employees outside of their usual work by forcing them to propagate company brands outside of the workplace. Transforming discriminatory corporate cultures (Cheryl L. Wade) discusses gender equality in corporate environment. The writer argues that companies can only change if men change. She states that even if men witness discriminatory behaviour or harassment in their workplace, they fail to take necessary action that could promote gender equality. Many male managers may seem to support gender equality but still ignore gender conflicts in the work place. If the CEO of a company strives to bring a culture of gender equality then the workers will follow his example. Moreover, the writer states that sometimes women allow sexist comments and jokes to go unnoticed in an attempt to show that they belong to the right workplace. The corporate workplace also seems to work on the expectation that women of colour can be given jobs that are not valued in the corporate context. Hence, such negative stereotypes adversely affect the performance of women in the workplace. As the relationship between mana gement and its employees plays a central role in a companies success, it is necessary that problems of workplace discrimination be dealt with. The study Gender Justice and Its Critics focuses on the judicial practices and laws on gender discrimination. The article underlines the traditional treatment of women and the current condition of women. Women were victimized by the laws made to protect them by giving decision making powers to the male members. The writer states that in contrast to these laws, the remedial laws such as prohibition of sex-based discrimination in workplace have empowered women to make their own decisions. Laws which tried to prevent discriminatory practices have created distinct profession for men and women. Furthermore, Gender Justice claims that it is not opposed to the needs of working mothers but offers that parental benefits be given to both males and females. The study The Price of Man and Women: A Hedonic Pricing Model of Avatar Attributes in a Synthetic World (Edward Castronova 2003) investigates the demand of physical attributes and qualities of the social world. The study examines the computer generated avatars which are both male and female. However, the hedonic price analysis suggests that the female avatars are available at a discount and that there is less preference to have a female avatar. As this physical difference is not real in the synthetic world, this reluctance can be explained by the general assumption about the effectiveness of the female avatar. However, the study does not indicate whether this is arises from a prejudice on behalf of the population or simply the numbers indicate that more male players choose male avatars. This article was chosen because of the importance it holds in outside world other than corporate sector to give out an overview on the gender based difference one holds in his mind. They were shortcomings and left out concerns in those previous studies which can be looked upon on the basis of variables and introducing more measurable models which could relate and interlink the variables in appropriate and a strong way. Theoretical Framework DEMOGRAPHICS Characteristics of a human population Age Income Gender Race Experience Gender diversity Unfair treameant Promotion Placement Moral fairness Sexual orientation Female employee turnover Hiring firing. Work envirnoment Healthy Motivating Safety Stress Frequency of Women Promotion Number of times women get promoted at workplace More promotions to male or female? Productivity Equal treatment in terms of salary and promotion Drive Increased desire Encouragement Inspiration Motivated to work Level of satisfaction What one wants from a job and what one perceives it as offering Overall satisfaction Satisfaction with the job Satisfaction with the work Sense of achievement Scope of using own initiative Influence over the job Harrasment Offensive behaviour Intent to disturb or upset Unwanted sexual advances Bases of colour, race religion and sex Financial and recognition rewards Wages Salary Empower-ment Fringe benefits SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE TO ANALYZE THE CORRELATES OF GENDER DISCRIMINATION AND IT IMPACT ON MOTIVATION This questionnaire is being exclusively used for research purpose; all the information provided by respondents would be kept confidential. Your co-operation would be highly appreciated. Personal info: Name Age Experience in this organization Education Marital status Single Married Divorced Gender Male Female Income bracket 10,000-20,000 20,000- 50,000 50,000 above Section A Levels of Satisfaction Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree I enjoy at my workplace 1 2 3 4 5 Factors can be added to improve employee motivation at your workplace 1 2 3 4 5 Would you like to stay at your workplace for long 1 2 3 4 5 I am over all satisfied by the attitude of my boss and workplace 1 2 3 4 5 Do you feel as an important part of your organization 1 2 3 4 5 Are you satisfied by your designated authority 1 2 3 4 5 GENDER DIVERSITY: Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Mostly the supervisors are male 1 2 3 4 5 Majority of Co-workers are Male 1 2 3 4 5 I belive that I have equal opportunities and potential for growth as my other colleagues have 1 2 3 4 5 In my view discrimination does take place at workplace. 1 2 3 4 5 At times I have been judged/mistreated on criteria which is not merit based 1 2 3 4 5 You have been treated and judged on the basis of Gender 1 2 3 4 5 1)Race 1 2 3 4 5 2)Physical appearance 1 2 3 4 5 3)Religion 1 2 3 4 5 Working enviornement and Harassment: Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree My company is strict on the laws of harassment. 1 2 3 4 5 In majority of workplace harassment cases the harasser is 1) immediate boss 1 2 3 4 5 2) Subordinates 1 2 3 4 5 3)Colleagues 1 2 3 4 5 Verbal harassment takes place 1)openly 1 2 3 4 5 Equal gender treatment creates a healthy environment at workplace. 1 2 3 4 5 If harassment occurs verbally my response would be 1)to react to the harasser the first time 1 2 3 4 5 2)Report the harassment to my boss 1 2 3 4 5 3) I would bear with it because there is no other choice. 1 2 3 4 5 Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree I have been mistreated in an offensive manner because of my Gender. 1 2 3 4 5 Offensive treatment harm your ability to work. 1 2 3 4 5 I have switched my job because of unequal treatment 1 2 3 4 5 Harassment results in increased stress and anxiety 1 2 3 4 5 Frequency of promotions: Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree I have been quickly promoted to the post I am today. 1 2 3 4 5 Male workers get frequent promotions 1 2 3 4 5 Female have more chances of getting hired for a job at first place when the interviewee is Male 1 2 3 4 5 Male have more chances of getting hired for a job at first place when the interview is Female. 1 2 3 4 5 Female workers most get in house assignment as compared to traveling assignment 1 2 3 4 5 Female get more sexually harassed than men 1 2 3 4 5 MOTIVATION: Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Discrimination affects my productivity 1 2 3 4 5 Male workers are paid more salary/wage as compared to female for the same job description 1 2 3 4 5 Male workers are more empowered to take decisions 1 2 3 4 5 Male and Female workers get same Fringe benefits 1 2 3 4 5 Low percentage of female getting promoted than men works as a less motivating factor. 1 2 3 4 5 Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Men feel more superior than women which affects motivation for women in negative way 1 2 3 4 5 Some people get desperate things to get promoted 1 2 3 4 5 Women get more limited opportunities than Men contributing negatively towards motivation 1 2 3 4 5 General training has been given to staff a your workplace in connection with general duty to promote equality between Men and Women 1 2 3 4 5 Men and Women are treated equally when it comes to performance Appraisals and analysis. 1 2 3 4 5

Apophatical Metaphysics of a Subject :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Apophatical Metaphysics of a Subject ABSTRACT: In this paper, the inevitability of the metaphysics of a subject for the philosophical understanding of a person’s being in the world is established, and the apophatic character of this type of metaphysics is discussed. Analysis of the categories of being and non-being which allow the interpretation of a subject as transcendent and as transcendental being that is characterized by uniformity, spontaneity and irreversibility is also mentioned. The suggested interpretation of a subject discloses both the rational sense of the classical points of view on the absolute, unconditional, timeless and spaceless character of the subject of knowledge, and the compatibility of the notions of the absolute character of a subject and the ontological condition of a human being in society and culture. The main idea of the suggested conception of a subject is the fact that the subject’s being cannot be "housed" into the world, nor can it be characterized as impossible existence for the world. The world can be understood only from the point of view of being impossible (symbolic) existence. The discussion of the problem of identification of a subject shows that the presumption of a subject as one of the existing structures of the world leads to paradoxes and contradictions in the interpretation of the processes taking place in the world. To understand the process of education, it is necessary to bear in mind that it is not only cognitive, but also moral: education is the process of the formation of a subject of knowledge through identification with transcendental symbolic existence, which fact demands making efforts to be on the part of the thinking person. I. Introduction Some schools of modern philosophy buried the notion of a subject in oblivion. Criticism of the classical reason that began in the second half of the XIX century has come to an end in postmodemism of the XX century with the declaration of the principles of pluralism, relativism, contextuality and decentration. These principles are incompatible with the classical view on a subject, an object, truth and objectivity of cognition. The characteristic feature of the classical conceptions criticism of the 1-conceptions was the fact that it was aimed at opposing the consequences of the classical conceptions. These consequences include theories of the ideological forms of consciousness, theory of social progress, scientism, understanding of truth as a function of power, violence, etc. We must not understand this criticism of consequences as sufficient ground to reject the notion of subject.

Descartes Third Meditation: Proof of Gods Existence Essay -- essays re

Descartes' Third Meditation: Proof of God's Existence In Rene Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes is seeking to find a system of stable, lasting and certain knowledge, which he can ultimately regard as the Truth. In his methodical quest to carry out his task, Descartes eventually arrives at the proverbial fork in the road: how to bridge the knowledge of self with that of the rest of the world. Descartesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ answer to this is to prove the existence of God. The purpose of this essay will be to state and explain Descartes' Third Meditation: Proof of God's Existence by identifying relevant concepts and terminology and their relationship to each other and examining each premise as well as the conclusion of the proof and finally to comment on the significance of the proof in the context of the Evil Genius assumption. In order to begin explaining the meaning and significance of Descartes' Third Meditation Proof of God's Existence, I feel that it is very important to define the terms and concepts that he uses in t he meditation and the terms and concepts that I will be using throughout the paper. The first of these concepts deals with kinds of reality. By this I am concerned with reality's relationship to the mind. The two kinds of reality introduced are subjective and formal. Subjective reality involves those things which are mind dependent, more commonly thought of as ideas. It is an object which possesses both discernible and tangible characteristics capable of being verified by all those who observe it, even without previous knowledge of such objects. It should also be noted that objects of formal reality are generally the cause of objects of subjective reality. The second concept I will examine in order to fully appreciate Descartes' Third Meditation Proof of God's Existence concerns Degrees of Reality. By this I mean a ranking of the representative qualities of either kind of reality. The lowest degree of reality deals with accidents and modifications, things which are characteristics or expressions of objects with a higher degree of reality. An example of this would be the individual holes and marks on the classroom ceiling. These characteristics cannot exists by themselves and are thus subject to the existence of things in the next highest degree of reality, that of substances. Substances are finite objects or ideas with conceivable limits. I... ...ere can only be room enough for one all powerful being and if in fact God is that being than that leaves no room for another. Furthermore, since God possesses infinite goodness it would seem contrary to his nature to engage us in a continual deception based on either our apriori or aposteriori beliefs. In conclusion, Descartes' Third Meditation Proof of God's Existence represents a critical step in Descartes overall goal of obtaining a system of certain, lasting, and stable knowledge: that of using the existence of God to bridge the gap between knowledge of self and knowledge of the external world. In building this bridge I must first define the different kinds and degrees of reality and how they relate to one another. From this we are able to see the logic behind Descartes Causal Adequacy Principle, follow his second premise, and reach the same inevitable conclusion that Descartes does: that an infinite unbounded substance through which all conceivable qualities without end (i.e. God) must exists. For Descartes' this will lay the very foundation for him to expand beyond his limited thinking mind and begin to explore the very depths of the universe in his quest to find the Truth.

Microeconomics in my Life

The role of microeconomics in every person’s life is enormous; therefore, it is very important to study it. The objects of microeconomics surround us all the time. Microeconomics studies the aspects of functioning of all companies, and we deal with various companies throughout our lives. I shop for food and clothes in stores, go to movie theaters to see popular movies, buy stationary at Home Depot, transfer funds through banks. All of these companies function according to certain laws, which are all studied in microeconomics. My favorite brand of car is Toyota, and microeconomics is able to determine what the most efficient volume of production for the company is. It is able to give the managers an answer to the question of what the most efficient combination of their resources should be, i.e., how many employees they should employ, how many materials they should get from suppliers and many other issues. We constantly have to go shopping, and deal with prices which are established according to supply and demand, cost of production and other factors. Whenever the price of tomatoes in the store goes to the roof, we usually see a note in the store that the crops in Florida turned out not as large as it was predicted or that the hurricanes destroyed all of the crops. Even though the same tomatoes cost half the price just a short time ago, we realize that the law of supply and demand has been efficiently applied here. The demand for tomatoes remained the same, but the supply decreased dramatically and thus prices were destined to increase. I also deal with the concept of elasticity all of the time. Companies never make discounts on products the demand for which is inelastic because the volume of sales is going to remain stable anyway. Therefore, there is usually hardly a chance for me to get such products for a lower price. However, I am always a good shopper when it comes to products with high elasticity because companies decrease their prices on such items from time to time to attract more customers. For example, there is always a chance to buy some clothes on sale. I deal with the concept of utility all of the time in my life as well. Some of the products have a high level of utility for me, and I am going to buy them at any price because I am simply unable to live without them. For example, DVD’s of my favorite movies are extremely valuable for me, and I am ready to pay any money to be able to see my favorite actor or actress. At the same time, some items have a very low utility for me, and only low price on such items is able to attract me. I am the type of person who always judges products by their utility for me and not by how fashionable they are. Like every person, I am forced to deal with various market forms, such as perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly, or monopolistic competition. In most cases, I see the market of monopolistic competition because there are very many items with slightly different features. The market of the United States has very many companies which produce similar items but try to attract consumers by unique features and by efficient advertising. For example, there are very many producers of cars in the United States. There are also many multinational companies based in the United States which produce cars, for example, Japanese Toyota, Korean Honda and many others. They all produce cars which have quite similar features. All of these manufacturers come up with various models of cars so that they can attract people who like sports cars, who have children, who need to travel in the mountains, or who need fuel-efficient cars. Every manufacturer tries to come up with some unique feature which competitors do not have. To some extent, it is very good for me as a consumer because competitors are fighting for customers and thus they constantly introduce new great deals for us. I am able to fight the model of the car which I want and perhaps even get it at a lower price. I also often deal with oligopolistic competitors. The market of providers of wireless phones is not as large as the car market. There are some major players in it, and I have to choose among the most powerful of them. It was very challenging for me to decide whether to use the services of T-Mobile or Verizon, but I finally made a choice for Verizon. Oligopolistic competitors can be very difficult for analysis because they usually make different steps according to the steps of their competitors. Since there are very few competitors in the market, it is very important for oligopolists to bring their actions in accordance with the actions of the competitors. Oligopolists also often sign various agreements with one another in order to control the market. For example, I often see that when T-Mobile introduces new offers, Verizon follows this company with very similar offers. Since I am a consumer, the knowledge of microeconomics can greatly help me to take a choice in different type of the market. Another concept of microeconomics which I am destined to face is externalities. I often read in newspapers how government does its best to take care of various kinds of externalities. I know many plants which pollute water and atmosphere, and in my opinion, it is very good that government makes such companies pay higher taxes or install purifying systems in order to eliminate the impact of its pollution. In conclusion, it is necessary to say that microeconomics is one of the disciplines the concepts of which can be seen everywhere. The knowledge of these concepts helps me to make smarter choices in life and understand different phenomena better. All of the consumer decisions are being made on the micro level, and that is why it is very important for every person to have a deep knowledge of microeconomic concepts. Bibliography. Baumol, William J., John Panzar, and Robert Willig. Contestable Markets and the Theory of Industry Structure, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. 1982. Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue. Economics: Principles, Problems, and Policies. Eleventh Edition. 1996. Curwen Peter, Else Peter. Principles of Microeconomics. Unwin Hyman. 1990. Cullis, J. G. and Jones, P. R. Microeconomics and the public economy: a defence of Leviathan Oxford: Basil Blackwell. 1987.

Shakespeare-Macbeth Essay

Throughout the play as Macbeth wades out into the river of blood that he has created, with each death he is responsible for, he distances himself from her more and more. He does this to protect her, but instead it has the effect of isolating her. Sending her further and further into her own counsel, which drives her insane. Unable to cope with all that she has done and is responsible for. Her dreams are plagued by guilt. She has not place to escape from herself or her mind so she does the only thing she can, kills herself. The ultimate act to escape herself, and the reality she has made for herself. After Banquo is murdered, she retreats more and more and we no longer see her as part of a couple but as a separate entity. Fighting to cope, and realising that she had been naive to believe ‘a little water shall wash us of this deed’ when she proclaims in utmost horror ‘out damn spot! out I say! † when in her minds eye the guilt can never be removed from her hands. Macbeth begins to rely on knowledge and the security supplied him by the witches words. It is they who he seeks for advice and answers in the play, and with the answers he receives relies upon himself as the invincible entity. no one born of woman shall harm Macbeth’†¦ Towards the end of the play Lady Macbeth is overcome by guilt and becomes patently mad. She hallucinates ‘out damned spot! Out, I say! ‘ Lady Macbeth is sleepwalking and is speaking to herself; she can see blood and tries to wash it off but nothing will make the blood disappear. I think the blood represents the guilt she feels because of the realisation of her plot to kill King Duncan. Macbeth is still trying to come to terms with his relentless remorse because of his involvement in the killings of King Duncan, Banquo, Lady Macduff and her children. Macbeth doesn’t see Lady Macbeth’s suffering. Lady Macbeth does, however see Macbeth’s emotional anguish when they are holding a party. Macbeth sees an apparition of Banquo, his trusty and loyal friend who he ordered to be killed. Macbeth starts to rave at Banquo’s apparent ghost ‘Prithee, see there! Behold, look, lo! How say you! ‘ Lady Macbeth then tries to excuse her husband’s behaviour to all the guests, ‘think of this, good peers, but as thing of custom. ‘Tis no other, it only spoils the pleasure of the time. Lady Macbeth is not necessarily worried about Macbeth and his mental state because of her love for him, she is merely worried about her husband exposing the secret that only her and Macbeth know about, killing King Duncan. After Macbeth’s outburst she shows feelings of embarrassment and being ashamed of her husband’s behaviour as he was showing that he was weak and not worthy of becoming King. ‘You have displaced the mirth, broke the good meeting with most admired disorder’. This comment was to humiliate Macbeth and make him feel ashamed and guilty of his lack of self.

Northanger Abbey arguements

Catherine Is shown in situations common to teenagers. She faces frustration and peer pressure. Plus, there are several examples In which the adults comment on the young people, either laughing at their behavior or cringingly it. Sub Argument # 1: Catherine faces new experiences and people in Bath, which helps her identify the significant difference people can have with one another, whether it is good or bad. Primary source quote # 1: â€Å"But, where youth and diffidence are united, it required uncommon steadiness of reason to resist the attraction of being called the most charming girl in the world.Catering's youth helps to make her gullible, or easily trusting. She Is somewhat won over by John's compliments, even though she finds him extremely annoying. Primary source quote # 2: Youth people with be young people, as your good mother says herself. You know I wanted you, when we first came, not to buy that sprigged muslin, but you would. Young people do not like to be always thwarte d. † Mrs†¦ Allen's allows Catherine to do what she wants, thinking that â€Å"young people† like to have it their way.But Catherine shows a lot of maturity by stating that she would appreciate some help In a strange new place. Secondary source quote # 1: â€Å"She raised her eyes towards him more fully than she had ever done before. † This is a climactic moment between Henry and Catherine. By looking at Henry â€Å"more fully,† she sees him clearly and shows herself to him as a more mature adult, rather than as a young youth. Argument #2 – friendship: Making friends and trying to figure out true friends from false ones Is a major part In this novel.Friendships In this book symbolize growing up and maturing_ Sub Argument # 1: Catherine has to eventually give up her friendship with Isabella for a more mature friendship with Eleanor. Primary Source tote # 1: â€Å"There is nothing I would not do for those who are really my friends. I have no noti on of loving people by halves, it is not my nature. My attachments are always excessively strong. † Isabella opinion on friendship is a bit confusing. She is selfish, but her attachment to Catherine seems to be very strong.Isabella seems to hint that she has high expectations for friendships especially when she emphasis's on people who are â€Å"really† her friends. Primary source quote # 2: â€Å"Catherine thought this reproach equally strange and unkind. Was it the part of a friend thus to expose her feelings to the notice of others? Isabella appeared to her ungenerous and selfish, regardless of everything but her own gratification. † Catherine begins to spot the lies within Isabella statements, which leads her to start doubting how good of a friend Isabella really Is.Secondary source quote # 1: â€Å"A few days passed away, and Catherine, though not allowing herself to suspect her friend, could not help watching her closely. The result of her observations wer e not agreeable. Isabella seemed an altered creature. † Catherine beings to actually watch and observe Isabella after being suspicious of her, and she begins to see Isabella as she really is which is disloyal and elfish. Argument # 3 – love: All kinds of love and relationships in this book are also linked to themes of growth and development.Catherine has to learn to tell apart between manipulative love and love that Is respectful and worth It. Sub Argument # deceitful Just as his sister Isabella Thorpe. Later on in the novel, her love for Henry increases significantly. Primary Source quote # 1: : â€Å"This sort of mysteriousness, which is always so becoming in a hero, threw a fresh grace in Catering's imagination around his persona and manners, and increased her anxiety to know more of him. † The words used to describe Henry here, â€Å"mysteriousness† and â€Å"hero,† are related to Catering's â€Å"imagination. These words imply that Catherine m ight be seeing Henry as a romantic, fictional character rather than as a real person. Primary Source quote # 2: â€Å"His first purpose was to explain himself, and before they reached Mr†¦ Allen's grounds he had done it so well, that Catherine did not think it could ever be repeated too often. She was assured of his affection; and that heart in return was solicited, which, perhaps, they pretty equally knew was already entirely his own. † Henrys proposal to Catherine is very sweet and sincere.His sense of humor plays well during his proposal, and since this novel is a comedy his humor may have symbolized love. Secondary source quote # 1: â€Å"Every young lady may feel for my heroine in this critical moment, for every young lady has at some time or other known the same agitation. All have been, or at least all have believed themselves to be, in danger from the pursuit of someone whom they wished to avoid; and all have been anxious for the attention of someone whom they w ished to please. † Catherine finds herself to be stuck in a love triangle. She is loved by John Thorpe and craves for the attention of Henry.